one man-made incident that destroyed the topsoil of 300 years of culture, besides uprooting and rampant killing

Families of over three lakh dead or alive victims of 1947 partition/riot who lost life and property should ask again and again :
Who is responsible for partition of India ?
Pl. find out from this brief write up…..

1884 :Congress was born. First congress President was Allen Octovian Hume (an European)
6 Aug 1914 : Gandhiji goes to London from South Africa
World War begins: Gandhi asks Indians to join British Army as the British is our master, we are slaves( MET- My Experiments with Truth).He helped British to recruit people for British Army. In Kheda village in Gujarat, people even refused to serve food to Gandhi. His right hand Mr. Pollack questioned whether helping in war is a non-violent move; to this Gandhiji said that for survival one has sometimes to take to violence.
1920 -1945: After death of Tilak in 1919, Congress came under the full control of Gandhi .With Ahimsa in the air, more than 20,000 died and more than 3,00,000 people became homeless in riots on the issue of partition of India which was handled by the then Congress and Muslim League leaders under the stewardship of Gandhiji.
9 th August 1942 : ‘Quit India’ movement launched by him did not have punch to drive out British.
1920 : Subhas Chandra Bose* (b.1897) saw Gandhiji on Bose’s return from England after he had passed ICS; but he refused to serve British Govt. Gandhiji promised to the people that he will get Swaraj within one year. In the same year C R Das and Motilal Nehru resigned from the Congress and formed SWARAJ party. Subhas joined Congress , became its President and decided to launch a fight against British. Gandhiji felt that Congress-led revolution against British will give opportunity to the Muslim League to lead another simultaneous revolution for a separate Pakistan. Subhas suggested that let Jinnah be the first Prime Minister of undivided India so that both Congress and Muslim League join hands in driving out British. But Gandhiji did not agree to that.
1939: Subhas again was elected Congress President defeating Mr. Sitaramaiya who was Gandhiji’s candidate. After his defeat Gandhiji said that Mr. Sitaramiah’s defeat is his own defeat.
3rd May 1939: Opposition from Gandhi followers in the Congress party compelled Subhas to leave Congress and form a new party called Forward Block.
Netaji Subhas strongly expressed his agony when freedom fighters like Jatin Das died while on hunger strike and when Bhagat Singh was hanged. Surprisingly Gandhiji was silent .
23 March 1940: Muslim League asks for a separate Pakistan
1940s: 17 provinces(Governors ruled 11 and chief commissioners ruled 6) and hundreds of princely states in British India .Hindus were in the majority in 7 and muslims in 4.Negotiators were Congress, Muslim League and British Govt. But not princely states, Shikhs, Christians, Dalits. Nehru was for a strong central Govt.
Jinnah had no thought for nation building, he wanted Muslim League and Congress parties at the centre and a complete autonomy at the provincial level(weak centre?)Though Muslim population was only 25%, Jinnah proposed equal representation of Muslims and Hindus at the centre.He saw Muslim league as the sole custodian og Muslims and Congress as representing upper class Hindus. But Congress viewed itself as a party representing all Indians(National Integration), it did not accept Muslim League as sole representative of Muslims. Such demands were anathema as we find many Muslims in Congress including Maulana Azad who was Congress President from 1940 -1945.But Jinnah was inflexible. Now one way to avoid partition is to yield to Jinnah’s demand. Nehru, who already made supreme sacrifice by going to Jail for 10 years, cannot agree with Jinnah who has not spent even a single day in the jail.Jinnah tried to preserve only one community and had little inclination to work cooperatively.
The 1946 interim Govt. (congress & Muslim League) confirmed the unworkable nature of their relationship.
Prior to arrival of Lord Mountbatten, Cabinet Mission 1945 : proposed weak Govt. at the Centre, weak provinces at the bottom, and strong group of provinces in the middle. GroupA: three contiguous Muslim majority provinces, Group B: six Hindu majority provinces, Group C: clubbing the vast Muslim majority Bengal with Assam. Each group has to write its own constitution with Centre’s jurisdiction in defence, foreign affairs and communications. Azad(CongressPresident) informed the mission that it “was entirely opposed to any executive or legislative machinery for a group of provinces”.
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*For his derogatory comment on India and Indians while teaching in a classroom of the Presidency College, Calcutta, Mr. Otten (it is said) was manhandled by Subhas who was then a student. My father who was then a student of a school in the vicinity of the college gave me a detailed account how Otten rolled down the stairs of the college after he was kicked. Undoubtedly Subhas was spirited and a super brave patriot. Those days no Indian(natives) would dare to even touch an English man or woman unintentionally while walking on a footpath.
1924,1932,1936: Subhas was arrested and without trial sent to Mandalay Jail, became a TB patient.
1941: House arrest
16 January, 1941: vanished from house and went to Europe through Afghanistan.
21 Aug.1943 : Subhas was recognized as Head of Provisional Govt. of Free India by 9 countries after he formed INA ( Indian National Army) outside India and marched towards India with the backing of Japanese Army.
6 Aug and 9th August 1945: US bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki respectively.
15 Aug1945:Japan surrenders to Am-British as 2nd world war ends.
In the last conference of INA at Singapore, he decided to surrender so that he is hanged which will create a total revolution in India towards freedom. As this was not approved in the conference, he decided to go in the hiding.
17,18 Aug 1945: While traveling from Saigon to Turin to Taihoku(now Taipei, then under Japan),it is said that at 2-30 PM on 18 Aug he died in a plane crash at Taihoku: Col. Habibur Rahman was also with him.
On 29.Aug.1945, Ananda Bazar Patrika quoted Nehru saying “Bose was criminal, his men killed Americans and forcibly collected funds for Malay and Burma”
Subhas took diksha in Kriyayoga (Autobiography of a Yogi …by Paramhansa Yogananda) on 16 June,1939 from Baroda Charan Majumder, Headmaster of Lalgola High School( greatest Yogi of Bengal as said by Aurobindo).Among other personal belongings, Subhas had a Japer Mala, a small Geeta and his specks.
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The objectives, philosophies and backgrounds of Nehru and Jinnah as well as of Congress and Muslim League were so fundamentally in conflict that the partition was inevitable. Indians believing in genuine national integration are bound to point the finger at Jinnah. More importantly Gandhiji with his weapons of Ahimsa and Anashan was very much alive as the leader of leaders to witness months of loot-mar and killings.